1. Drive drum diameter.

輸送帶繞過(guò)滾筒時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生彎曲應(yīng)力，引起帶芯疲勞。其直徑越小彎曲應(yīng)力越大，顯然增大滾筒直徑有利于提高輸送帶使用的時(shí)長(zhǎng)，但增大到一定值后，彎曲應(yīng)力減小不明顯，還會(huì)使設(shè)備(shèbèi)體積(volume)增大。因此，為保證輸送帶彎曲應(yīng)力不致過(guò)大，應(yīng)限制滾筒更小直徑。選用驅(qū)動(dòng)滾筒直徑D的原則是：多層芯輸送帶采用機(jī)械接頭時(shí)，D≥100i，mm(i為帆布層數(shù));采用硫化接頭時(shí)，基于接頭是梯形搭接，容易在彎曲應(yīng)力作用下剝離，故D≥125i，mm。整編芯輸送帶使用機(jī)械接頭時(shí)，D≥K8，mm(k取決于帶芯骨架材質(zhì)的參數(shù);8為帶芯厚度，mm)。采用鋼繩芯輸送帶時(shí)，D=(150～200)(t，mm(d為鋼絲繩直徑，mm)。換向滾筒直徑根據(jù)驅(qū)動(dòng)滾筒直徑、受力百分?jǐn)?shù)及輸送帶對(duì)滾筒圍包角等條件確定。

When the conveyor belt bypasses the drum, it will produce bending stress, which will cause the belt core fatigue. The smaller the diameter is, the greater the bending stress is. Obviously, increasing the diameter of the drum is beneficial to improving the use time of the conveyor belt. However, when the diameter is increased to a certain value, the bending stress does not decrease obviously, and the volume of the equipment (SH è B è I) will increase. Therefore, in order to ensure that the bending stress of conveyor belt is not too large, the minimum diameter of drum should be limited. The principle of selecting the diameter D of driving drum is as follows: when mechanical joint is used for multi-layer core conveyor belt, D ≥ 100I, mm (I is the number of canvas layers); when vulcanized joint is used, because the joint is trapezoidal lap joint, it is easy to peel off under the action of bending stress, so D ≥ 125I, mm. When the mechanical joint is used for the integrated core conveyor belt, D ≥ K8, mm (k depends on the parameters of the core frame material; 8 is the core thickness, mm). When using steel cord conveyor belt, d = (150-200) (T, mm (D is the diameter of steel wire rope, mm). The diameter of the reversing drum is determined according to the driving drum diameter, the force percentage and the surrounding angle of the conveyor belt to the drum.

2 、托輥(gǔn)成槽角。

2. The groove angle of idler (g ǔ n) is formed.

承載分支通常采用三節(jié)托輥組成的槽形托輥組，其側(cè)輥與中輥的夾角稱(chēng)為槽角。耐熱輸送帶由多層橡膠棉帆布(滌棉布)或者聚酯帆布上下覆有耐高溫或耐熱橡膠、經(jīng)高溫硫化粘合在一起，適合輸送175℃以下熱焦碳、水泥、熔渣和熱鑄件等。在一定限度內(nèi)，成槽角越大，則物流量(單位:立方米每秒)越大。但成槽角超過(guò)輸送帶本身的成槽能力時(shí)，空載運(yùn)行時(shí)，輸送帶就不會(huì)緊貼中托輥，由此導(dǎo)致(cause)輸送帶邊緣強(qiáng)烈磨損和不穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行;重載運(yùn)行時(shí)，輸送帶在側(cè)托輥與中托輥拐角處必然產(chǎn)生很大的折疊應(yīng)力，使輸送帶縱向斷裂或帆布層迅速的剝離。因此，在設(shè)要求托輥槽角必須與所選輸送帶的成槽能力相一致，在使用中更換新輸送帶時(shí)也應(yīng)遵守這一原則。通常托輥成槽角取為30。當(dāng)輸送帶成槽性能好，可以增大到35。

The bearing branch is usually composed of three roller troughs, and the angle between side roller and middle roller is called groove angle. The heat-resistant conveyor belt is composed of multi-layer rubber cotton canvas (polyester cotton cloth) or polyester canvas covered with high-temperature or heat-resistant rubber. It is suitable for conveying hot coke, cement, slag and hot casting below 175 ℃. Within a certain limit, the larger the groove angle, the greater the material flow (unit: cubic meters per second). However, when the grooving angle exceeds the grooving capacity of the conveyor belt itself, the conveyor belt will not cling to the middle idler during no-load operation, which leads to strong wear and unstable operation of the conveyor belt edge; under heavy load operation, the conveyor belt will inevitably produce a large folding stress at the corner of the side idler and the middle idler, which will cause the longitudinal fracture of the conveyor belt or the rapid peeling of the canvas layer. Therefore, it is required that the groove angle of idler must be consistent with the grooving capacity of the selected conveyor belt in design, and this principle should also be followed when replacing new conveyor belt in use. Generally, the grooving angle of idler is 30. When the conveyor belt has good grooving performance, it can be increased to 35.

3、過(guò)度段距離。

3. Over distance.

輸送機(jī)的頭、尾滾筒與組承載托輥(支撐輸送帶和物料重量)之間的輸送帶區(qū)段稱(chēng)為過(guò)渡段。橡膠輸送帶有耐熱帶、耐磨帶、耐灼燒帶、耐油帶、耐堿帶、耐堿帶、耐熱帶、耐寒帶等特性。 主要用于各礦山、冶金、鋼鐵、煤炭、水電、建材、化工、糧食等企業(yè)的固體物料輸送。在過(guò)渡段輸送帶由槽形變成平行或者 由平行變成槽形，輸送帶邊緣被拉伸產(chǎn)生附加拉應(yīng)力。過(guò)度段長(zhǎng)度越小附加的拉應(yīng)力越大，使輸送帶邊緣和側(cè)托輥引起嚴(yán)重的磨損，由此輸送帶過(guò)早地出現(xiàn)疲勞現(xiàn)象，甚造成輸送帶邊緣拉斷。為使輸送帶邊緣局部伸長(zhǎng)不超過(guò)輸送帶使用伸長(zhǎng)率，過(guò)渡段長(zhǎng)度不應(yīng)太小。對(duì)于纖維芯輸送帶，過(guò)渡段長(zhǎng)度取為托輥間距的1.3倍;由于鋼繩芯輸送帶的許用伸長(zhǎng)率為0.2%，過(guò)渡段長(zhǎng)度按公式L≥2.67cc B計(jì)算，其中B為帶寬，m;d為托輥成槽角，rad。如果L值比承載托輥間距大得多，應(yīng)在滾筒與組承載托輥之間，安裝幾個(gè)成槽角順序變小的過(guò)渡托輥組，以防帶垂和灑料。

The conveyor belt section between the head and tail rollers of the conveyor and the first group of carrying idlers (supporting conveyor belt and material weight) is called transition section. Rubber conveyor belt has the characteristics of heat resistance, wear resistance, burning resistance, oil resistance, alkali resistance, alkali resistance, tropical resistance and cold resistance. It is mainly used for conveying solid materials in mines, metallurgy, steel, coal, hydropower, building materials, chemical industry, grain and other enterprises. In the transition section, the conveyor belt changes from groove to parallel or from parallel to groove, and the edge of conveyor belt is stretched to produce additional tensile stress. The smaller the length of the transition section is, the greater the additional tensile stress will be, which will cause serious wear on the edge and side roller of the conveyor belt, which will lead to premature fatigue of the conveyor belt, and even cause the belt edge to break. The length of transition section should not be too small in order to make the local elongation of belt edge not exceed the elongation of conveyor belt. For fiber core conveyor belt, the length of transition section is taken as 1.3 times of idler spacing; since the allowable elongation of steel cord conveyor belt is 0.2%, the length of transition section is calculated according to the formula L ≥ 2.67cc B, where B is the bandwidth, m; D is the groove angle of idler, rad. If the L value is much larger than the distance between the bearing idlers, several transition idler groups with smaller groove angle should be installed between the roller and the first group of bearing idlers to prevent belt sagging and spraying.

4 、凸弧段半徑。

4. Radius of convex arc.

輸送機(jī)線(xiàn)路上帶有凸弧段時(shí)，輸送帶通過(guò)(tōng guò)時(shí)其邊緣也存在著很大的拉應(yīng)力，致使輸送帶和托輥(支撐輸送帶和物料重量)過(guò)早破壞(vandalism)，故凸弧段半徑不應(yīng)太小。使用鋼繩芯輸送帶時(shí)，凸弧段半徑應(yīng)不小于(75～

When there is a convex arc section on the conveyor line, the edge of the conveyor belt also has a great tensile stress when it passes through (t ō ng Gu ò), resulting in premature failure of the conveyor belt and idler (supporting the conveyor belt and material weight), so the radius of the convex arc section should not be too small. When using steel cord conveyor belt, the radius of convex arc section should not be less than (75 ～

85)B。

85)B。

5 、給料裝置。

5. Feeding device.

給料裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)合理與否，很大程度上決定著輸送帶使用壽命。為了減輕物料對(duì)輸送帶的磨損和沖擊應(yīng)力，設(shè)計(jì)選用給料裝置的技術(shù)要求f-1是：物料給到輸送帶上的速度大小和方向應(yīng)與帶速近似一致;盡量減小物料的落差，特別是要防止大塊物料從很高處直接下落到輸送帶上;在給料裝置內(nèi)部應(yīng)使物料形成自由的連續(xù)(Continuity)物流，并能使物料以正確的形狀均勻地裝到輸送帶中部，不允許有物料堆積和灑料現(xiàn)象;盡可能(maybe)先將粉料和細(xì)塊卸到輸送帶上形成墊層，然后再裝塊料。在裝載點(diǎn)還應(yīng)設(shè)置緩沖托輥(支撐輸送帶和物料重量)組，以減小物料對(duì)輸送帶的沖擊力，給料漏斗的安裝位置必須保證物料落到兩組緩沖托輥組之間，而不是落在某一組緩沖托輥上。

The structure of feeding device is reasonable or not, which largely determines the service life of conveyor belt. In order to reduce the wear and impact stress of the material on the conveyor belt, the technical requirements F-1 for the design and selection of the feeding device are as follows: the speed and direction of the material feeding to the conveyor belt should be approximately the same as the belt speed; the drop of materials should be minimized, especially the large materials should be prevented from falling directly onto the conveyor belt from a very high place; In the feeding device, the materials should form a free continuous logistics, and the materials can be evenly loaded into the middle of the conveyor belt in the correct shape, and there is no material accumulation and sprinkling phenomenon; as far as possible, the powder and fine blocks should be unloaded on the conveyor belt to form a cushion layer, and then the block materials can be loaded. A set of buffer idlers (supporting conveyor belt and material weight) should be set at the loading point to reduce the impact force of materials on the conveyor belt. The installation position of the feeding hopper must ensure that the materials fall between the two groups of buffer idlers, rather than on a certain group of buffer idlers.

6、輸送機(jī)啟動(dòng)與制動(dòng)方式。

6. Starting and braking mode of conveyor.

帶式輸送機(jī)在啟動(dòng)、制動(dòng)過(guò)程(guò chéng)中，應(yīng)使用軟啟動(dòng)方式來(lái)控制起停車(chē)時(shí)的加減速度，以降低動(dòng)應(yīng)力。耐熱輸送帶由多層橡膠棉帆布(滌棉布)或者聚酯帆布上下覆有耐高溫或耐熱橡膠、經(jīng)高溫硫化粘合在一起，適合輸送175℃以下熱焦碳、水泥、熔渣和熱鑄件等。對(duì)于一般中小型帶式輸送機(jī)，采用限矩型液力偶合器來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)軟啟動(dòng)比較合理。對(duì)于長(zhǎng)距離、大運(yùn)量的大型帶式 輸送機(jī)，由于動(dòng)張力很大，應(yīng)使用可控軟啟動(dòng)裝置來(lái)延長(zhǎng)啟、制動(dòng)時(shí)間，

In the process of starting and braking of belt conveyor, soft starting mode should be used to control the speed of acceleration and deceleration during starting and stopping, so as to reduce the dynamic stress. The heat-resistant conveyor belt is composed of multi-layer rubber cotton canvas (polyester cotton cloth) or polyester canvas covered with high-temperature or heat-resistant rubber. It is suitable for conveying hot coke, cement, slag and hot casting below 175 ℃. For general medium and small belt conveyor, it is reasonable to use torque limiting hydraulic coupling to realize soft start. For large belt conveyor with long distance and large capacity, the controllable soft start device should be used to extend the starting and braking time due to the large dynamic tension,