水分：
water content:
橡膠在潮濕空氣淋雨或浸泡在水中時(shí)，容易破壞，這是因?yàn)橄鹉z中的水溶性物質(zhì)和清水基團(tuán)等成分被水抽提溶解。水解或吸收等原因引起的。特別是在水浸泡和大氣曝露的交替作用下，會(huì)加速橡膠的破壞。但在某種情況下水分對(duì)橡膠則不起破壞作用，甚有延緩老化的作用。
Rubber is easy to be damaged when it is exposed to rain or soaked in water in humid air, because water-soluble substances and clear water groups in rubber are extracted and dissolved by water. Caused by hydrolysis or absorption. Especially under the alternating action of water immersion and atmospheric exposure, it will accelerate the damage of rubber. However, in some cases, moisture does not damage the rubber, and even delays aging.
熱：
Heat:
提高溫度可引起橡膠的熱裂解或熱交聯(lián)。但熱的基本作用還是活化作用。提高氧擴(kuò)散速度以及活化氧化反應(yīng)，來(lái)加快橡膠氧化反應(yīng)速度，這是普遍存在的一種老化現(xiàn)象——熱氧老化。
Increasing the temperature can cause thermal cracking or thermal crosslinking of rubber. But the basic function of heat is activation. Increasing the oxygen diffusion rate and activating the oxidation reaction to speed up the oxidation reaction of rubber is a common aging phenomenon - thermal oxygen aging.
光：
Light:
光波越短、能量越大。使橡膠損壞作用的是能量較高的紫外線。紫外線能直接引起橡膠分子鏈的斷裂跟交聯(lián)外，橡膠因?yàn)槲展饽芏a(chǎn)生游離基，引發(fā)并加速氧化鏈反應(yīng)過(guò)程。紫外線光起著加熱的作用。光作用其另一特點(diǎn)（與熱作用不同）是它主要在橡表面進(jìn)生。含膠率高的試樣，兩面會(huì)出現(xiàn)網(wǎng)狀裂紋，即所謂“光外層裂”。
The shorter the light wave, the greater the energy. What causes rubber damage is high-energy ultraviolet light. Ultraviolet light can directly cause the breaking and crosslinking of rubber molecular chain. In addition, rubber produces free radicals due to the absorption of light energy, which initiates and accelerates the oxidation chain reaction process. Ultraviolet light acts as heat. Another characteristic of light action (different from heat action) is that it mainly occurs on the surface of rubber. For the sample with high glue content, network cracks will appear on both sides, that is, the so-called "smooth outer layer crack".

氧：
Oxygen:
氧在橡膠中同橡膠分子發(fā)生游離基鏈鎖反應(yīng)，分子鏈發(fā)生斷裂或過(guò)度交聯(lián)，引起橡膠性能的改變。氧化作用是橡膠老化的重要原因之一。
Oxygen has a free radical chain reaction with rubber molecules in rubber, and the molecular chains are broken or over crosslinked, resulting in the change of rubber properties. Oxidation is one of the important causes of rubber aging.
臭氧：
Ozone:
臭氧的化學(xué)活性比氧高得多，破壞性更大，一樣使分子鏈發(fā)生斷裂，但臭氧對(duì)橡膠的作用情況隨橡膠變形與否而不同。當(dāng)作用于變形的橡膠（主要是不飽和橡膠）時(shí)，出現(xiàn)與應(yīng)力作用方向垂直的裂紋，即所謂“臭氧龜裂”；作用于變形的橡膠時(shí)，僅表面生成氧化膜而不龜裂。
The chemical activity of ozone is much higher and more destructive than oxygen. It also breaks the molecular chain, but the effect of ozone on rubber varies with whether the rubber is deformed or not. When used as rubber for deformation (mainly unsaturated rubber), cracks perpendicular to the direction of stress action appear, that is, the so-called "ozone cracking"; When acting on deformed rubber, only oxide film is formed on the surface without cracking.
機(jī)械應(yīng)力：
Mechanical stress:
輸送帶在機(jī)械應(yīng)力反復(fù)作用下和托輥的不斷摩擦過(guò)程，會(huì)使橡膠分子鏈斷裂生成游離基，引發(fā)氧化鏈反應(yīng)，形成力化學(xué)過(guò)程。機(jī)械斷裂分子鏈和機(jī)械活化氧化過(guò)程。哪個(gè)能占優(yōu)勢(shì)，視其所處的條件而定。此外，在應(yīng)力作用下容易引起臭氧龜裂。
The continuous friction process between the conveyor belt and the idler under the repeated action of mechanical stress will break the rubber molecular chain to form free radicals, trigger the oxidation chain reaction and form a mechanochemical process. Mechanical breaking of molecular chains and mechanically activated oxidation processes. Which can dominate depends on its conditions. In addition, it is easy to cause ozone cracking under stress.
還有一些其它方面的原因：對(duì)橡膠的作用因素還有化學(xué)介質(zhì)、變價(jià)金屬離子、高能輻射、電和生物等。
There are also some other reasons: chemical media, variable valence metal ions, high-energy radiation, electricity, biology and so on.
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