1.橡膠同步帶由于使用年限長(zhǎng)導(dǎo)致的正常磨損和失效
1. Normal wear and failure of rubber synchronous belt due to long service life
當(dāng)橡膠同步輪的芯線使用壽命達(dá)到后，此時(shí)的同步帶出現(xiàn)失效是屬于正常情況。在經(jīng)過(guò)2~3年乃更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)后，由于芯線是使用壽命達(dá)到了極限導(dǎo)致的失效，屬于理想的同步帶失效模式。區(qū)別于由于長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)后，齒部出現(xiàn)磨損而失效這種模式則不屬于理想的同步帶失效模式。
When the service life of the core wire of the rubber synchronous wheel reaches, it is normal for the synchronous belt to fail. After 2 ~ 3 years or even longer operation, the failure of the core wire is caused by the service life reaching the limit, which belongs to the ideal synchronous belt failure mode. Different from the failure due to wear of the teeth after long-term operation, this mode does not belong to the ideal synchronous belt failure mode.
運(yùn)行2到3年后的同步帶不需要采取任何改善措施，也會(huì)由于其芯線壽命與應(yīng)用的不同，受各種外部客觀因素的影響不同，影響同步帶壽命的因素包括傳輸功率等級(jí)，環(huán)境，同步帶安裝張力，帶與輪的匹配，帶輪的質(zhì)量水平，甚是如何切割、包裝、運(yùn)輸和安裝同步帶。
After 2 to 3 years of operation, the synchronous belt does not need to take any improvement measures. Due to its different core wire life and application, it will be affected by various external objective factors. The factors affecting the synchronous belt life include transmission power level, environment, installation tension of synchronous belt, matching between belt and pulley, quality level of pulley, and even how to cut, pack Transport and install timing belt.
2.橡膠同步帶折曲失效
2. The rubber synchronous belt is bent and fails
橡膠同步帶因曲折失效模式有一個(gè)很顯而易見(jiàn)的表現(xiàn)，那就是其斷裂面呈直線排列。
There is an obvious manifestation of the zigzag failure mode of rubber synchronous belt, that is, its fracture surface is arranged in a straight line.
當(dāng)橡膠同步帶芯線彎曲到非常小的直徑時(shí)，就會(huì)引起這種失效模式的發(fā)生。急劇的轉(zhuǎn)彎使同步帶芯線在巨大的壓力下彎曲和受損，影響同步帶的拉伸強(qiáng)度，這屬于更常見(jiàn)的一種失效模式，通常出現(xiàn)這種失效模式與同步帶操作不當(dāng)、安裝張緊力過(guò)低、帶輪的直徑過(guò)小和帶輪里有異物等有關(guān)。

This failure mode occurs when the rubber synchronous belt core is bent to a very small diameter. Sharp turns bend and damage the synchronous belt core under great pressure, affecting the tensile strength of the synchronous belt, which is the most common failure mode. This failure mode is usually related to improper operation of the synchronous belt, low installation tension, too small diameter of the pulley and foreign matters in the pulley.
3.橡膠同步帶安裝張力低導(dǎo)致失效
3. Low installation tension of rubber synchronous belt leads to failure
安裝張力過(guò)低會(huì)導(dǎo)致同步帶在中度到高度負(fù)荷的傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中過(guò)早失效。安裝張力過(guò)低的失效模式常見(jiàn)的表現(xiàn)形式為跳齒。跳齒即是同步帶的齒爬出超出其對(duì)應(yīng)的輪槽范圍，并且同步帶的根部不再承受負(fù)荷。傳動(dòng)負(fù)荷進(jìn)一步作用于同步帶側(cè)面使同步帶齒部發(fā)生變形，隨之出現(xiàn)跳動(dòng)。這種情況下，跳齒會(huì)導(dǎo)致橡膠從齒根沿著芯線撕裂，同時(shí)隨著橡膠撕裂程度的加重，同步帶齒部會(huì)開(kāi)始以條狀的形式脫離同步帶。此種失效模式要于由于粘度不足導(dǎo)致的失效模式有所不同，粘度不足導(dǎo)致的失效模式，同步帶中外露芯線是較為整潔的。
Too low installation tension will cause premature failure of the timing belt in the transmission system with moderate to high load. The common failure mode of low installation tension is tooth skipping. Tooth skipping means that the teeth of the synchronous belt climb out of the range of its corresponding wheel groove, and the root of the synchronous belt will no longer bear the load. The transmission load further acts on the side of the synchronous belt, causing the tooth of the synchronous belt to deform and jump. In this case, tooth skipping will cause the rubber to tear along the core line from the tooth root. At the same time, with the aggravation of the rubber tear, the teeth of the synchronous belt will begin to separate from the synchronous belt in the form of strip. This failure mode is different from the failure mode caused by insufficient viscosity. For the failure mode caused by insufficient viscosity, the exposed core wire in the synchronous belt is relatively clean.
4.帶輪質(zhì)量導(dǎo)致的失效
4. Failure caused by pulley quality
帶輪的生產(chǎn)不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及帶輪磨損情況嚴(yán)重都會(huì)導(dǎo)致同步帶出現(xiàn)過(guò)早失效，而且這兩種原因引起的失效非常難以區(qū)分。帶輪導(dǎo)致同步帶失效的情況很容易被忽略，因?yàn)橐话阃綆С霈F(xiàn)失效，我們會(huì)著重從同步帶本身去排查原因。由于帶輪問(wèn)題導(dǎo)致的同步帶出現(xiàn)失效，一般同步帶側(cè)面是呈現(xiàn)模糊的絨毛狀或片狀。
The production of pulley does not meet the standard and the serious wear of pulley will lead to premature failure of synchronous belt, and the failure caused by these two reasons is very difficult to distinguish. The synchronous belt failure caused by the pulley is easy to be ignored, because the general synchronous belt fails, we will focus on the synchronous belt itself. The synchronous belt fails due to the pulley problem. Generally, the side of the synchronous belt is fuzzy fluff or flake.
5.帶輪跳動(dòng)
5. Pulley runout
帶輪跳動(dòng)的越厲害，張緊力就升得越高。帶輪旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)同步帶的張緊力會(huì)周期性的升降，當(dāng)同步帶運(yùn)行在徑向跳動(dòng)的帶輪系統(tǒng)中時(shí)。受帶輪跳動(dòng)的影響，齒底看起來(lái)會(huì)像是被碾碎的樣子。碾碎的帶體可能會(huì)與在適度尺寸帶輪中而運(yùn)行的同步帶張緊力過(guò)高所導(dǎo)致的現(xiàn)象相類似。而極端周期性的張力變化常常導(dǎo)致同步帶齒部撕裂或同步帶拉伸性斷裂。帶輪往錐套上安裝，或在更小的帶輪光孔基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行再擴(kuò)孔后安裝時(shí)，往往容易發(fā)生跳動(dòng)。
The more the pulley jumps, the higher the maximum tension rises. When the pulley rotates, the tension of the synchronous belt will rise and fall periodically. When the synchronous belt runs in the radial beating pulley system. Affected by the runout of the pulley, the tooth bottom will look like being crushed. The crushed belt body may be similar to the phenomenon caused by excessive tension of synchronous belt running in moderately sized pulley. The extreme periodic tension changes often lead to the tearing of the teeth of the synchronous belt or the tensile fracture of the synchronous belt. When the pulley is installed on the cone sleeve or after re reaming on the basis of the smallest pulley smooth hole, it is often easy to jump.
6.空氣腐蝕導(dǎo)致的失效
6. Failure caused by air corrosion
同步帶應(yīng)用于翻砂攪拌機(jī)，鐵礦石加工設(shè)備，磷酸鹽采礦輸送設(shè)備時(shí)，容易受腐蝕性空氣的影響。由于長(zhǎng)期在易容腐蝕空氣腐蝕的環(huán)境下使用而導(dǎo)致的失效，一般情況下，帶齒側(cè)面和同步帶齒底的磨損會(huì)呈現(xiàn)光亮狀。帶輪在易受腐蝕空氣中使用應(yīng)該增加帶輪和同步帶更換的頻率，或者是采取安裝有潔凈空氣加壓的密封罩，可以有效防止腐蝕性的灰塵雜質(zhì)進(jìn)入裝置。
When the synchronous belt is used in sand turning mixer, iron ore processing equipment and phosphate mining conveying equipment, it is easy to be affected by corrosive air. Failure caused by long-term use in an environment prone to corrosion and air corrosion. Generally, the wear on the side of the belt teeth and the bottom of the synchronous belt teeth will appear bright. When the pulley is used in corrosive air, the replacement frequency of pulley and synchronous belt should be increased, or a sealing cover with clean air pressurization should be installed to effectively prevent corrosive dust and impurities from entering the device.
7.因高溫降解導(dǎo)致失效
7. Failure due to high temperature degradation
當(dāng)橡膠同步帶長(zhǎng)期于高于85℃的高溫環(huán)境下工作時(shí)，橡膠會(huì)由于高溫而硬化，在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)程中會(huì)容易出現(xiàn)背部開(kāi)裂，這些開(kāi)裂通常與齒的運(yùn)行方向呈現(xiàn)平行的狀態(tài)，而且多發(fā)生在齒中間。
When the rubber synchronous belt works at a high temperature higher than 85 ℃ for a long time, the rubber will harden due to high temperature, and it is easy to have back cracks during operation. These cracks are usually parallel to the running direction of the teeth, and mostly occur in the middle of the teeth.
8.化學(xué)降解導(dǎo)致失效
8. Failure due to chemical degradation
橡膠同步帶在揮發(fā)性有機(jī)溶劑和臭氧的環(huán)境下與上文提及由于高溫導(dǎo)致的失效情況相類似。同樣是由于成分變硬然后導(dǎo)致同步帶背部出現(xiàn)開(kāi)裂。但是開(kāi)裂的形式有所區(qū)別，一般是呈現(xiàn)縱橫向的開(kāi)裂，甚各種形狀的開(kāi)裂均有可能。
The failure of rubber synchronous belts in the environment of volatile organic solvents and ozone is similar to that caused by high temperature mentioned above. It is also due to the hardening of the composition, which leads to the cracking of the back of the synchronous belt. However, the forms of cracking are different, generally showing vertical and horizontal cracking, and even cracking of various shapes are possible.
9.異物進(jìn)入導(dǎo)致的失效
9. Failure caused by foreign matter entry
帶輪和橡膠同步帶之間有異物的情況會(huì)導(dǎo)致帶齒和芯線的損壞，通常這種情況，芯線內(nèi)部狐呈現(xiàn)斷裂狀或者使用不久后發(fā)生過(guò)度彎曲而失效。
Foreign matters between the pulley and the rubber synchronous belt will cause damage to the belt teeth and the core wire. Generally, in this case, the internal part of the core wire is broken or becomes invalid due to excessive bending shortly after use.